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FMCSA Violation Code Reference

Browse all Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulation (FMCSR) violation codes ranked by citation frequency. Filter by BASIC category, OOS eligibility, or search by code number.

Violation Codes
3,146
BASIC Categories
11
Total Cited
13,023,843
Overall OOS Rate
17.5%

BASIC Categories

Select a category to filter

Vehicle Maintenance

21.0%
1,339 codes7,809,333 cited

Unsafe Driving

216 codes3,025,638 cited

Hours of Service

16.3%
312 codes1,170,331 cited

Driver Fitness

59.9%
119 codes493,083 cited

General/Admin

168 codes413,962 cited

Hazardous Materials

28.3%
889 codes75,516 cited

Unknown

41 codes18,680 cited

Controlled Substances/Alcohol

97.3%
38 codes16,322 cited

Hazardous Materials Compliance

19 codes967 cited

Hours-of-Service Compliance

36.4%
2 codes11 cited

Crash Indicator

3 codes
OOS Eligible Only
3,146 codes • Page 3 of 63

All Violation Codes

Ranked by citation frequency

Rank ▼Code Description OOS Times Cited ▼
#101392.2-SLLS1Speeding 1-5 mph over limit\u201427,463
#102396.3A1-ALBVAir Brake - Any leak from a brake valve\u201427,203
#103393.48AInoperative/defective brakes\u201426,907
#104393.75(a)Tires/tubes - general defectsOOS26,907
#105393.83GExhaust - Discharging at a point forward or directly below the driver or sleeper compartment\u201426,513
#106392.2-SLLMFOperating a CMV while ill or fatigued\u201426,433
#107393.9A-HLLHInoperable required lamps\u201426,416
#108390.21(a)Vehicle marking requirements\u201425,872
#109393.207(a)Suspension defectiveOOS25,723
#110392.2-SLLEWA3Operating a CMV while ill or fatigued\u201425,125
#111393.9HInoperable head lamps\u201425,067
#112393.11A1-CSLRRLighting devices/reflectors\u201424,992
#113392.2-SLLSIVOperating a CMV while ill or fatigued\u201424,882
#114393.43Brake - relay emergency valveOOS23,816
#115391.11B2-QDriver cannot satisfy the English language proficiency requirements of 391.11(b)(2) as per FMCSA Enforcement Guidance Memo MC-SEE-2025-0001. Driver failed the I\u201423,688
#116395.3(a)(2)Driving beyond 11-hour driving limitOOS23,620
#117395.24(c)(2)(iii)Driver failed to manually add shipping document number\u201423,460
#118392.2-SLLSOAOperating a CMV while ill or fatigued\u201423,389
#119396.3A1BOSBRAKES OUT OF SERVICE: The number of defective brakes is equal to or greater than 20 percent of the service brakes on the vehicle or combination\u201423,333
#120393.11TLLighting devices/reflectors\u201423,327
#121393.75(a)(1)Tire-ply or belt material exposed\u201423,264
#122393.100B-CCargo securement - aggregate working load\u201423,086
#123393.55D1-BCoupling device/towing methods defective\u201422,987
#124396.9(d)(2)Failure to correct defects noted on previous inspection report\u201422,684
#125393.83(g)Exhaust - Discharging at a point forward or directly below the driver or sleeper compartment\u201422,015
#126383.23A2Operating a CMV without a CDL\u201421,829
#127392.9A2-CCargo - Vehicle components or dunnage not secured\u201421,774
#128393.9A-LTSIRInoperable required lamps\u201421,662
#129393.11(a)(1)Lighting devices/reflectors\u201421,415
#130393.9A-LHWSInoperable required lamps\u201421,413
#131393.205(c)Wheel fasteners loose and/or missing\u201421,263
#132396.5B-HWSLFuel system leak\u201421,028
#133395.3A2-HOSPDHOS (Property) - Driving beyond the 14 hour after coming on duty following 10 consecutive hours off duty during the current 8 consecutive day period. Date and Tim\u201420,802
#134393.47(a)Brake chamber - cracked/brokenOOS20,741
#135393.11A1-LLPLLighting devices/reflectors\u201420,293
#136395.30B2-ELDDFC24HOS (ELD) - Driver failing to certify the record immediately after the final required entry has been made or corrected for the 24 hour period.\u201420,182
#137393.48A-BIBDInoperative/defective brakes\u201420,149
#138395.3(a)(3)(i)395.3(a)(3)(i)\u201419,877
#139395.8(f)(1)Drivers record of duty status not current\u201419,796
#140395.22H4-ELDBRODSHOS (ELD) - In-Vehicle Information - Failing to have a supply of blank driver's records of duty status graph-grids sufficient to record the driver's duty status a\u201419,725
#141395.22(h)(4)Driver failed to maintain supply of blank drivers records of duty status graph-grids\u201419,597
#142395.22G-ELDMFVHOS (ELD) - A portable ELD is not mounted in a fixed position and visible to the driver when seated in the normal driving position.\u201419,529
#143395.3A1-HOSPDHOS (Property) - Driving more than 11 hours following 10 consecutive hours off duty during the current 8 consecutive day period. Date and Time\u201419,475
#144393.43DBMABrake - relay emergency valve\u201419,105
#145395.8E-HOSPDOOSFalse record of duty status\u201419,092
#146393.48A-BIHEInoperative/defective brakes\u201418,803
#147392.2-SLLEWG3Operating a CMV while ill or fatigued\u201418,603
#148393.11A1-CSURRLighting devices/reflectors\u201418,270
#149393.209E-SPSLASteering - Power steering leaking anywhere.\u201418,255
#150396.3A1BBrakes (general) Explain:\u201418,126

About Violation Codes

Each violation found during a roadside inspection is assigned a code from the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (49 CFR Parts 350-399) or Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR Parts 171-180). These codes map to one of seven BASIC categories used in the FMCSA Safety Measurement System (SMS).

Violations flagged as Out-of-Service (OOS) indicate conditions severe enough to remove a vehicle or driver from service until corrected. OOS violations carry more weight in SMS percentile calculations.

Carriers and drivers who believe a violation was recorded in error can file a Request for Data Review (DataQs) through the FMCSA DataQs system.

Data sources & freshness

FMCSA Vehicle Inspections and Violations
Violation event counts are pre-computed from 13M+ inspection records. Counts are refreshed daily.
Unknown freshness

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