FMCSA Violation Code Reference
Browse all Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulation (FMCSR) violation codes ranked by citation frequency. Filter by BASIC category, OOS eligibility, or search by code number.
Violation Codes
3,146
BASIC Categories
11
Total Cited
13,023,843
Overall OOS Rate
17.5%
BASIC Categories
Select a category to filter
Vehicle Maintenance
21.0%1,339 codes7,809,333 cited
Unsafe Driving
216 codes3,025,638 cited
Hours of Service
16.3%312 codes1,170,331 cited
Driver Fitness
59.9%119 codes493,083 cited
General/Admin
168 codes413,962 cited
Hazardous Materials
28.3%889 codes75,516 cited
Unknown
41 codes18,680 cited
Controlled Substances/Alcohol
97.3%38 codes16,322 cited
Hazardous Materials Compliance
19 codes967 cited
Hours-of-Service Compliance
36.4%2 codes11 cited
Crash Indicator
3 codes
OOS Eligible Only3,146 codes • Page 2 of 63
All Violation Codes
Ranked by citation frequency
| Rank ▼ | Code | Description | OOS | Times Cited ▼ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #51 | 390.21TB1-MC | 390.21TB1-MC | \u2014 | 59,189 |
| #52 | 393.95A1 | Emergency Equipment - Fire Extinguishers - no fire extinguisher present or not properly rated. | \u2014 | 58,993 |
| #53 | 392.2-SLLIFTA | Operating a CMV while ill or fatigued | \u2014 | 57,159 |
| #54 | 393.95A4-EEUS | Emergency Equipment - Fire Extinguishers - unsecured | \u2014 | 56,906 |
| #55 | 393.45B2UV | Brake tubing/hoses inadequate | \u2014 | 55,783 |
| #56 | 393.9A-LFTSI | Inoperable required lamps | \u2014 | 54,813 |
| #57 | 392.2-SLLIRP | Operating a CMV while ill or fatigued | \u2014 | 54,375 |
| #58 | 393.60(c) | Glazing/window obstructions | \u2014 | 53,470 |
| #59 | 393.9A-LLPL | Inoperable required lamps | \u2014 | 53,261 |
| #60 | 393.9TS | Inoperative turn signal | \u2014 | 52,302 |
| #61 | 395.8A1-HOSP | HOS (Property) - Failing to have a record of duty status using the method prescribed | \u2014 | 52,266 |
| #62 | 393.9A-LTSI | Inoperable required lamps | \u2014 | 51,491 |
| #63 | 383.23(a)(2) | CDL - wrong class | OOS | 50,385 |
| #64 | 391.41APC | Medical (Certificate) - Operating a property-carrying vehicle without a valid medical certificate in possession or on file with the state drivers licensing agency | \u2014 | 49,539 |
| #65 | 396.3A1 | Inspection repair and maintenance of parts and accessories | \u2014 | 48,788 |
| #66 | 393.9A-LSML | Inoperable required lamps | \u2014 | 48,457 |
| #67 | 383.23A2-LCDLN | License (CDL) - Operate a CMV and does not possess a valid CDL | \u2014 | 47,123 |
| #68 | 393.9A-LHLI | Inoperable required lamps | \u2014 | 46,453 |
| #69 | 393.95A | Emergency equipment - fire extinguisher missing/defective | \u2014 | 45,423 |
| #70 | 393.9A-LSLI | Inoperable required lamps | \u2014 | 44,965 |
| #71 | 393.45 | Brake tubing/hoses inadequate | OOS | 44,396 |
| #72 | 393.75A3 | Tire-flat and/or audible air leak | \u2014 | 43,804 |
| #73 | 396.5B | Fuel system leak | \u2014 | 42,528 |
| #74 | 391.41(a) | Physical qualification - general | OOS | 42,270 |
| #75 | 391.11B2-Z | Border Zone - Driver cannot satisfy the English language proficiency requirements of 391.11(b)(2) as per FMCSA Enforcement Guidance Memo MC-SEE-2025-0001. | \u2014 | 42,240 |
| #76 | 392.16-D | Failing to use seat belt (49 CFR) | \u2014 | 42,232 |
| #77 | 393.53B | Steering system components worn | \u2014 | 41,722 |
| #78 | 395.8A | Failing to keep RODS | \u2014 | 41,341 |
| #79 | 392.2-SLLS3 | Speeding 11-14 mph over limit | OOS | 40,689 |
| #80 | 392.2-SLLTL | Operating a CMV while ill or fatigued | \u2014 | 39,725 |
| #81 | 395.8(a)(1) | Not using the appropriate method to record hours of service | \u2014 | 39,561 |
| #82 | 393.60D | Glazing/window obstructions | \u2014 | 39,062 |
| #83 | 393.75C | Tire tread depth insufficient (other axles) | \u2014 | 38,759 |
| #84 | 392.2-SLLED | Operating a CMV while ill or fatigued | \u2014 | 38,520 |
| #85 | 392.2-SLLUCR | Operating a CMV while ill or fatigued | \u2014 | 38,190 |
| #86 | 395.30(b)(1) | Driver failed to certify the accuracy of the information gathered by the ELD | \u2014 | 37,931 |
| #87 | 393.9A-LSLIWR | Inoperable required lamps | \u2014 | 37,274 |
| #88 | 393.60(d) | Glazing/window obstructions | \u2014 | 37,236 |
| #89 | 393.55E | Coupling device/towing methods defective | \u2014 | 36,541 |
| #90 | 393.9A-LRLI | Inoperable required lamps | \u2014 | 36,100 |
| #91 | 391.41(a)(1) | 391.41(a)(1) | \u2014 | 35,686 |
| #92 | 396.3A1-BALAC | Brake - Audible air leak from a brake chamber | \u2014 | 35,657 |
| #93 | 392.2-SLLEWA2 | Operating a CMV while ill or fatigued | \u2014 | 34,966 |
| #94 | 393.45B2-BHTD | Brake tubing/hoses inadequate | \u2014 | 33,075 |
| #95 | 391.41A-MCPC | Physical qualification - general | \u2014 | 30,779 |
| #96 | 393.19 | Hazard warning signal inoperable | \u2014 | 30,339 |
| #97 | 395.8 | Record of Duty Status violation (general/form and manner) | \u2014 | 30,278 |
| #98 | 393.9A-LBL | Inoperable required lamps | \u2014 | 29,475 |
| #99 | 392.2-SLLS4 | Speeding 15+ mph over limit | OOS | 29,311 |
| #100 | 396.9D2-FTF | Failing to correct the violation(s)/defect(s) noted on the roadside inspection report | \u2014 | 28,682 |
About Violation Codes
Each violation found during a roadside inspection is assigned a code from the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (49 CFR Parts 350-399) or Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR Parts 171-180). These codes map to one of seven BASIC categories used in the FMCSA Safety Measurement System (SMS).
Violations flagged as Out-of-Service (OOS) indicate conditions severe enough to remove a vehicle or driver from service until corrected. OOS violations carry more weight in SMS percentile calculations.
Carriers and drivers who believe a violation was recorded in error can file a Request for Data Review (DataQs) through the FMCSA DataQs system.
Data sources & freshness
FMCSA Vehicle Inspections and Violations
Violation event counts are pre-computed from 13M+ inspection records. Counts are refreshed daily.
Unknown freshness