393.86A5 rear-end protection: what the citation means

Inspector found your ICC bumper missing, damaged, or improperly installed. Understand the violation, how often it's enforced, and what comes next.

Severity Weight
2
OOS Eligible
No
BASIC Category
Vehicle Maintenance
Code System
FMCSR
Code:
393.86A5
Code System:
FMCSR
BASIC Category:
Vehicle Maintenance
OOS Eligible:
No
Severity Weight:
2
Violation Group:
Cab Body Frame

Ranks #2,375 of 3,146 FMCSR codes by citation frequency • OOS rate of 16.7% is below the FMCSR-wide average of 33.3%.

Violation Description

Rear Impact Guard Cross-section vertical height insufficient for trailer manufactured on or after January 26, 1998

In-Depth Explainer

Grounded in TruckCodex roadside-inspection data

What 393.86A5 means in plain language

Your truck's rear-end protection device—commonly called an ICC bumper or rear impact guard—is a safety component designed to prevent underride accidents. When a smaller vehicle strikes your trailer from behind, this guard should prevent the vehicle from sliding underneath and causing catastrophic injury or death.

FMSCSR 393.86A5 covers three failure modes: the guard is completely missing from your vehicle, it's damaged (bent, cracked, or separated from the frame), or it's installed in a way that doesn't meet specification. If an inspector found any of these conditions, that's why you received the citation.

Unlike some violations that can send you off the road immediately, 393.86A5 is not an out-of-service (OOS) eligible violation. That means the inspector can cite you, but they cannot force you to park the truck on the spot based solely on this defect. However, if the guard is severely damaged or missing, it may be discovered during a follow-up inspection and result in OOS status then.

What our enforcement data actually shows

Across our 13 million+ inspection records, 393.86A5 is a relatively rare citation. We see 6 citations all-time, with 3 in the last 12 months and 0 in the last 90 days. This places the code at rank #2357 out of 3,036 FMCSR codes by citation volume.

When 393.86A5 violations do appear in our database, they result in out-of-service placement 16.7% of the time (1 out of 6 citations). This is well below the all-FMCSR average OOS rate of 31.4%. The lower OOS rate reflects the fact that rear-end protection defects are not automatically disqualifying—inspectors have discretion, and many citations are resolved without immediate removal from service.

Monthly trends show sporadic enforcement: 1 citation in September 2025, 1 in November 2025 (which resulted in OOS), and 1 in January 2026. The pattern underscores that you're unlikely to encounter this citation during a routine roadside stop, but the risk exists and increases if your rear guard is visibly compromised.

Who gets cited most

Over the last 180 days, our data shows citations in two states: Kentucky with 1 citation (100% OOS rate) and Texas with 1 citation (0% OOS rate). The stark difference—Kentucky's citation led to out-of-service status, while Texas's did not—suggests variation in state inspection rigor or damage severity, though our database captures too few instances to draw firm conclusions about state enforcement philosophy.

By vehicle make, Kenworth (KW) appears in our all-time data twice, while Freightliner, International, Mack, Volvo, and others each appear once. This diversity indicates that rear-end protection defects occur across the fleet, not concentrated in a single manufacturer.

Our data shows citations across multiple carriers, with no single fleet dominating the violation count. This suggests the issue is spread across the industry rather than endemic to specific operations.

How severe is this compared to similar codes

Within the Vehicle Maintenance category, 393.86A5 sits at the low end of enforcement frequency. Compare it to peer codes: 393.9(a) [Inoperable required lamps] has 660,737 citations and a 15.4% OOS rate; 396.3(a)(1) [Inspection/repair/maintenance – general] has 236,919 citations and a 45.3% OOS rate; and 393.11 [Lighting devices/reflectors] has 179,734 citations and a 1.8% OOS rate.

393.86A5's low citation count (6 all-time) makes it roughly 110,000 times less common than inoperable lamps. Its 16.7% OOS rate is higher than lighting-related codes like 393.11 (1.8%) but lower than the category average, suggesting that when violations are cited, they're taken seriously but often remediable without immediate service removal.

How to avoid it

Before you leave the yard:

  • Walk the rear of your trailer every day. Look for the ICC bumper along the entire rear edge. Check that it's firmly attached to the frame, not bent, cracked, or partially separated. If you see daylight or gaps where the bumper should contact the frame, report it to maintenance.

  • Check for impact damage after every incident. If you've had any rear-end contact, even a minor bump in traffic or at a dock, inspect the guard immediately. Damage may not always be obvious, but inspectors will spot it.

  • Know your truck's specifications. Different trailers have different bumper designs. Familiarize yourself with what your guard should look like when properly installed so you can spot deviations.

  • Include rear protection in your pre-trip inspection log. Document the condition in writing. If the bumper is missing or damaged, do not operate the vehicle; notify dispatch and maintenance before departing.

  • Schedule maintenance for missing or damaged bumpers without delay. Unlike some defects that can wait, a compromised rear guard is a safety risk and a liability. Repair or replacement should be prioritized to avoid both citations and potential injury in an actual rear-impact scenario.

Our enforcement data shows this violation is uncommon but real. Staying ahead of it is a straightforward matter of visual inspection and prompt maintenance.

Last updated: 2026-04-20T17:10:09.305Z Based on TruckCodex inspection data See 393.86A5 Q&A → Fleet FAQ →

Data sources & freshness

TruckCodex aggregates official public-sector datasets. See the Source registry for dataset-level coverage and the Freshness log for last-import timestamps.

Census, SAFER, SMS, Licensing & Insurance (L&I), roadside inspections, crashes, and authority history.

Refreshed daily.

Vehicle recall campaigns, defect investigations, and consumer safety complaints (SCRS).

Refreshed daily.
EIA

Retail diesel and gasoline price history and state fuel-tax tables.

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Cross-border carrier registry and Canadian recall campaigns where applicable.

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TruckCodex is an independent aggregator; it is not affiliated with FMCSA, NHTSA, EIA, or Transport Canada. Always verify compliance-critical information directly with the originating agency.