What 393.110(d) means in plain language
Logs must be secured using methods that meet specific FMCSR requirements. When you load logs on your truck, the regulation requires them to be fastened and restrained so they cannot shift, slide, or fall during normal driving and braking. This applies whether you're carrying a few logs or a full load.
The standard isn't vague—federal rules specify how chains, binders, or other devices must be positioned and tensioned to keep logs immobile. If an inspector finds your logs are loose, improperly chained, or held with inadequate fasteners, you receive a 393.110(d) citation.
What our enforcement data actually shows
Across our 13 million+ inspection records, 393.110(d) has been cited 87 times all-time. Critically, this violation carries an 85.1% out-of-service rate—meaning in 74 of those 87 citations, the truck was immediately removed from service. For context, the all-FMCSR average out-of-service rate is 31.4%, so this citation results in OOS placement nearly 2.7 times more often than a typical violation.
Over the last 12 months, we recorded zero citations for this code. Over the last 90 days, zero citations. This rarity does not mean the violation is unimportant—rather, it reflects that most carriers either comply or aren't inspected for it. When it does occur, enforcement is severe.
Nationally, 393.110(d) ranks #1466 out of 3,036 FMCSR codes by citation volume, placing it in the lower-frequency tier. However, its high OOS rate makes it a serious concern whenever it is cited.
Who gets cited most
Our data does not include state-level breakdowns in sufficient granularity to name the top three states. However, we can report that carriers in the logging, tree service, and heavy-haul sectors show citations for this code. Two carriers appear most frequently in our records: JAY MARTIN (USDOT 1346731) with 3 citations and A-1 MCDUFFIE SANITATION LLC (USDOT 1513600) with 3 citations. These are operations that handle bulk or ungainly cargo, which naturally involves securement challenges.
Vehicle makes cited include trailers (PTRB and TRLR each with 7 citations), followed by Ford, International, and other heavy-duty chassis. The vehicle data suggests this violation affects both dedicated log haulers and mixed-fleet operations.
How severe is this compared to similar codes
Within the Vehicle Maintenance category, 393.110(d) is notably more severe than most peers when placed out of service. Compare these codes:
- 393.9(a) — Inoperable required lamps: 660,737 citations, 15.4% OOS rate. This is cited over 7,600 times more frequently, yet results in OOS placement only one-fifth as often.
- 396.3(a)(1) — Inspection/repair/maintenance - general: 236,919 citations, 45.3% OOS rate. Though this code is cited 2,725 times more often and has a higher OOS rate, it covers a broad repair category.
- 393.11 — Lighting devices/reflectors: 179,734 citations, 1.8% OOS rate. Extremely common but rarely results in OOS placement.
The contrast illustrates that 393.110(d), while uncommon, is treated as a high-consequence violation by roadside inspectors. Unsecured cargo poses immediate safety risk to other drivers, which explains the aggressive enforcement.
How to avoid it
Before you load:
- Inspect all chains, binders, straps, and fastening hardware for damage, rust, or wear. Replace any that show cracks, bent links, or reduced tension capability.
- Verify you have the correct number and type of securement devices for your load weight and log length. Do not assume one binder per log is sufficient; federal rules often require more.
- Understand the specific geometry of your trailer. If you drive a flatbed or standard log trailer (common in citations), know where anchor points are rated and whether they align with industry standards.
During loading:
- Position logs evenly across the trailer width and length. Unbalanced loads are harder to secure and more prone to shifting.
- Tighten all binders, chains, and straps to manufacturers' specification. Hand-tight is never adequate; use wrenches or specialized tensioning tools.
- Check that no log extends beyond the trailer limits or creates an overhang that could catch wind or obstruct braking.
- Do a second-pass visual check before departing. Walk the length of the load and ensure every fastener is taut and no daylight shows between logs and restraints.
During operation:
- If you stop for fuel, rest, or other reasons, perform a quick walk-around to confirm no fasteners have loosened from vibration or road conditions.
- Avoid sudden acceleration, hard braking, or aggressive cornering. These movements shift loads and test securement; if it's marginal, you'll feel it.
- If you sense movement, pullover immediately and re-tighten. A minor adjustment before inspection is far better than an OOS citation.
General best practice:
- If your fleet operates log or bulk-haul operations, require drivers to complete securement training specific to your cargo type. The specificity matters—generic cargo-tie training won't cover log geometry.
- Keep a photo or checklist on your phone showing properly secured loads from your fleet. Use it as a reference before departure.
- Report any anchor point damage or defective binders to your dispatcher or maintenance team immediately. Do not attempt to work around broken equipment.