FMCSA Violation Code Reference
Browse all Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulation (FMCSR) violation codes ranked by citation frequency. Filter by BASIC category, OOS eligibility, or search by code number.
Violation Codes
3,146
BASIC Categories
11
Total Cited
13,023,843
Overall OOS Rate
17.5%
BASIC Categories
Select a category to filter
Vehicle Maintenance
21.0%1,339 codes7,809,333 cited
Unsafe Driving
216 codes3,025,638 cited
Hours of Service
16.3%312 codes1,170,331 cited
Driver Fitness
59.9%119 codes493,083 cited
General/Admin
168 codes413,962 cited
Hazardous Materials
28.3%889 codes75,516 cited
Unknown
41 codes18,680 cited
Controlled Substances/Alcohol
97.3%38 codes16,322 cited
Hazardous Materials Compliance
19 codes967 cited
Hours-of-Service Compliance
36.4%2 codes11 cited
Crash Indicator
3 codes
OOS Eligible Only38 codes
All Violation Codes
Ranked by citation frequency
| Rank ▼ | Code | Description | OOS | Times Cited ▼ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | 392.4A-DOSP | Use of drugs | \u2014 | 3,947 |
| #2 | 392.4(a) | Use of drugs | OOS | 3,919 |
| #3 | 392.4A-DOSU | Use of drugs | \u2014 | 1,648 |
| #4 | 392.5A3-IDUI | Intoxicating - No driver shall be on duty or operate a commercial motor vehicle while the driver possesses an intoxicating beverage regardless of its alcohol con | \u2014 | 1,478 |
| #5 | 392.5(a)(3) | Driver having possession of alcohol while on duty or operating or in physical control of a CMV | \u2014 | 1,301 |
| #6 | 392.5(a)(2) | BAC 0.04+ | OOS | 778 |
| #7 | 392.5A2-IP | Intoxicating - No driver shall use alcohol be under the influence of alcohol or have any measured alcohol concentration or detected presence of alcohol while o | \u2014 | 691 |
| #8 | 392.4A-POS | Use of drugs | \u2014 | 655 |
| #9 | 392.5A3 | Driver having possession of alcohol while on duty or operating or in physical control of a CMV | \u2014 | 353 |
| #10 | 382.15-SSF | 382.15-SSF | \u2014 | 313 |
| #11 | 382.501A-SSF | Drugs/Other Substances - Operating a CMV while recorded as prohibited from performing safety-sensitive functions. | \u2014 | 223 |
| #12 | 382.501(a) | 382.501(a) | \u2014 | 205 |
| #13 | 392.4A-UI | Use of drugs | \u2014 | 186 |
| #14 | 392.5(a) | Use/possession of alcohol | OOS | 141 |
| #15 | 392.5A1-I | Intoxicating - No driver shall use alcohol or be under the influence of alcohol within 4 hours before going on duty or operating or having physical control of | \u2014 | 137 |
| #16 | 392.5A2-DETECT | Driver having any measured alcohol concentration or any detected presence of alcohol while on dutyor operating or in physical control of a commercial motor veh | \u2014 | 112 |
| #17 | 392.5A2-UI | Operating a CMV while under the influence of an intoxicating beverage regardless of its alcohol content | \u2014 | 80 |
| #18 | 392.5(a)(1) | BAC 0.02-0.039 | OOS | 60 |
| #19 | 392.5(c)(2) | Violating OOS order pursuant to 392.5(a)/(b) | \u2014 | 45 |
| #20 | 392.5C2 | Violating OOS order pursuant to 392.5(a)/(b) | \u2014 | 22 |
| #21 | 392.5C2-IOOS | Intoxicating - Driver violating any roadside out-of-service order regarding intoxicating beverages. | \u2014 | 15 |
| #22 | 392.5A1 | Driver consuming an intoxicating beverage within 4 hours before operating a motor vehicle | \u2014 | 7 |
| #23 | 392.50B-D | 392.50B-D | \u2014 | 3 |
| #24 | 392.5A3-POSS | 392.5A3-POSS | \u2014 | 3 |
| #25 | 382.115(a) | No controlled substances/alcohol testing program | \u2014 | — |
| #26 | 382.201 | Pre-employment testing not conducted | \u2014 | — |
| #27 | 382.215 | Positive drug test - operating CMV | OOS | — |
| #28 | 382.217 | Refusing to submit to required test | OOS | — |
| #29 | 382.301 | Post-accident testing not conducted | \u2014 | — |
| #30 | 382.305 | Random testing not conducted | \u2014 | — |
| #31 | 382.309 | Return-to-duty testing not conducted | \u2014 | — |
| #32 | 382.401 | Testing records not maintained | \u2014 | — |
| #33 | 382.405 | Annual summary report not prepared | \u2014 | — |
| #34 | 382.503 | Reasonable suspicion testing not conducted | \u2014 | — |
| #35 | 382.601 | Employer educational materials not provided | \u2014 | — |
| #36 | 382.603 | Supervisor training not completed | \u2014 | — |
| #37 | 392.4(b) | Possession of drugs | OOS | — |
| #38 | 392.5(c) | Driving within 4 hours of consuming alcohol | OOS | — |
About Violation Codes
Each violation found during a roadside inspection is assigned a code from the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (49 CFR Parts 350-399) or Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR Parts 171-180). These codes map to one of seven BASIC categories used in the FMCSA Safety Measurement System (SMS).
Violations flagged as Out-of-Service (OOS) indicate conditions severe enough to remove a vehicle or driver from service until corrected. OOS violations carry more weight in SMS percentile calculations.
Carriers and drivers who believe a violation was recorded in error can file a Request for Data Review (DataQs) through the FMCSA DataQs system.
Data sources & freshness
FMCSA Vehicle Inspections and Violations
Violation event counts are pre-computed from 13M+ inspection records. Counts are refreshed daily.
Unknown freshness