{
  "slug": "top-oos-violations",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-04T06:05:02.108Z",
  "source": "TruckCodex insights — derived from FMCSA public data",
  "rows": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "code": "393.75A3-TAOL",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Tires - All others, leaking or inflation less than 50% of the maximum inflation pressure.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 183240,
      "oos_count": 179852,
      "oos_rate": 0.9815
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "code": "393.75(a)(3)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Tire-flat and/or audible air leak",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 130970,
      "oos_count": 127553,
      "oos_rate": 0.9739
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "code": "396.3(a)(1)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Inspection, repair and maintenance of parts and accessories",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 236919,
      "oos_count": 107347,
      "oos_rate": 0.4531
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "code": "393.9(a)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Inoperable required lamps",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 660737,
      "oos_count": 101445,
      "oos_rate": 0.1535
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "code": "396.3A1-BOS",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Brake - Defective brake(s) are equal to or greater than 20% of the service brakes on the vehicle/combination.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 73369,
      "oos_count": 72802,
      "oos_rate": 0.9923
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "code": "391.41APC",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Medical (Certificate) - Operating a property-carrying vehicle without a valid medical certificate in possession or on file with the state drivers licensing agency",
      "category": "Driver Fitness",
      "total_cited": 62181,
      "oos_count": 60536,
      "oos_rate": 0.9735
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "code": "393.9A-LTSI",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Lighting - Turn signal - Any inoperative on the rearmost vehicle.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 60762,
      "oos_count": 59439,
      "oos_rate": 0.9782
    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "code": "395.8A1-HOSP",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "HOS (Property) - Failing to have a record of duty status using the method prescribed.",
      "category": "Hours of Service",
      "total_cited": 62639,
      "oos_count": 58310,
      "oos_rate": 0.9309
    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "code": "383.23A2-LCDLN",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "License (CDL) - Operate a CMV and does not possess a valid CDL.",
      "category": "Driver Fitness",
      "total_cited": 55910,
      "oos_count": 55169,
      "oos_rate": 0.9867
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "code": "383.23(a)(2)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Operating a CMV without a CDL",
      "category": "Driver Fitness",
      "total_cited": 50385,
      "oos_count": 49564,
      "oos_rate": 0.9837
    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
      "code": "393.75A3",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Tire-flat and/or audible air leak",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 47190,
      "oos_count": 43865,
      "oos_rate": 0.9295
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "code": "393.9A-LSLIWR",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Lighting - Stop lamps - Both inoperative when required to be on.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 43890,
      "oos_count": 43403,
      "oos_rate": 0.9889
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
      "code": "393.45B2-BHTD",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Air Brake - Hose/tubing damage extending through the outer reinforcement ply.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 40692,
      "oos_count": 37557,
      "oos_rate": 0.923
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "code": "395.8(a)(1)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Not using the appropriate method to record hours of service",
      "category": "Hours of Service",
      "total_cited": 39561,
      "oos_count": 36861,
      "oos_rate": 0.9318
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "code": "393.45",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Brake tubing and hose adequacy",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 44927,
      "oos_count": 27861,
      "oos_rate": 0.6201
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "code": "393.100B-C",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Cargo - Cargo not secured to prevent leaking/spilling/blowing/falling from CMV.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 27515,
      "oos_count": 27087,
      "oos_rate": 0.9844
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "code": "393.75(a)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Flat tire or fabric exposed",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 26907,
      "oos_count": 25369,
      "oos_rate": 0.9428
    },
    {
      "rank": 18,
      "code": "396.3A1BOS",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Brake - Defective brake(s) are equal to or greater than 20% of the service brakes on the vehicle/combination.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 25294,
      "oos_count": 25266,
      "oos_rate": 0.9989
    },
    {
      "rank": 19,
      "code": "392.9A2-C",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Cargo - Vehicle components or dunnage not secured.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 26144,
      "oos_count": 25266,
      "oos_rate": 0.9664
    },
    {
      "rank": 20,
      "code": "393.45(b)(2)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Brake hose or tubing chafing and/or kinking",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 133588,
      "oos_count": 24893,
      "oos_rate": 0.1863
    },
    {
      "rank": 21,
      "code": "393.43DBMA",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Brake - Breakaway not attached to the towing vehicle.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 23332,
      "oos_count": 23148,
      "oos_rate": 0.9921
    },
    {
      "rank": 22,
      "code": "383.23A2",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Operating a CMV without a CDL",
      "category": "Driver Fitness",
      "total_cited": 22917,
      "oos_count": 22576,
      "oos_rate": 0.9851
    },
    {
      "rank": 23,
      "code": "391.11B2-Q",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Driver cannot read and speak the English language sufficiently to converse with the general public, to understand highway traffic signs and signals in the English language, to respond to official inquiries, and to make entries on reports and record.",
      "category": "Driver Fitness",
      "total_cited": 29466,
      "oos_count": 21088,
      "oos_rate": 0.7157
    },
    {
      "rank": 24,
      "code": "395.8(e)(1)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Making, or permitting a driver to make, a false report regarding duty status",
      "category": "Hours of Service",
      "total_cited": 78276,
      "oos_count": 20370,
      "oos_rate": 0.2602
    },
    {
      "rank": 25,
      "code": "393.75A3-TAOLTIS",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Tires - All others, leaking and inflation less than 50% of the maximum inflation pressure on tire equipped with ATIS",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 20520,
      "oos_count": 20149,
      "oos_rate": 0.9819
    },
    {
      "rank": 26,
      "code": "393.9TS",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Inoperative turn signal",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 55854,
      "oos_count": 20137,
      "oos_rate": 0.3605
    },
    {
      "rank": 27,
      "code": "393.43",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "No/improper breakaway or emergency braking",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 24129,
      "oos_count": 19754,
      "oos_rate": 0.8187
    },
    {
      "rank": 28,
      "code": "393.43D-B",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Brake - Missing or inoperable breakaway braking system on a trailer(s) or converter dolly.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 18248,
      "oos_count": 17963,
      "oos_rate": 0.9844
    },
    {
      "rank": 29,
      "code": "393.207(a)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Axle positioning parts defective/missing",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 25723,
      "oos_count": 17671,
      "oos_rate": 0.687
    },
    {
      "rank": 30,
      "code": "393.45D-BAAL",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Air Brake - Audible air leak at other than a proper connection.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 19031,
      "oos_count": 16422,
      "oos_rate": 0.8629
    },
    {
      "rank": 31,
      "code": "393.100(b)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Leaking/spilling/blowing/falling cargo",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 16155,
      "oos_count": 15622,
      "oos_rate": 0.967
    },
    {
      "rank": 32,
      "code": "393.75G-TAOW",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Tires - All others, weight carried exceeds tire load limit.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 15369,
      "oos_count": 15259,
      "oos_rate": 0.9928
    },
    {
      "rank": 33,
      "code": "393.75(g)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "393.75(g)",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 15809,
      "oos_count": 14766,
      "oos_rate": 0.934
    },
    {
      "rank": 34,
      "code": "396.5(b)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Oil and/or grease leak",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 96018,
      "oos_count": 14111,
      "oos_rate": 0.147
    },
    {
      "rank": 35,
      "code": "396.5B-HWSL",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "HUBS - Wheel Seal Leaking.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 25470,
      "oos_count": 14049,
      "oos_rate": 0.5516
    },
    {
      "rank": 36,
      "code": "395.8E-HOSPDOOS",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "HOS (Property) - Driver produces a false record of duty status with an apparent attempt to conceal hours. Explain:",
      "category": "Hours of Service",
      "total_cited": 22515,
      "oos_count": 13612,
      "oos_rate": 0.6046
    },
    {
      "rank": 37,
      "code": "393.9",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Inoperable Required Lamp",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 194943,
      "oos_count": 13428,
      "oos_rate": 0.0689
    },
    {
      "rank": 38,
      "code": "392.9(a)(2)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Failing to secure vehicle equipment",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 13279,
      "oos_count": 12792,
      "oos_rate": 0.9633
    },
    {
      "rank": 39,
      "code": "393.43(d)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "No or defective automatic trailer brake",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 13151,
      "oos_count": 12720,
      "oos_rate": 0.9672
    },
    {
      "rank": 40,
      "code": "396.3A1-BALR",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Air Brake - Fails air loss rate test.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 12783,
      "oos_count": 12483,
      "oos_rate": 0.9765
    },
    {
      "rank": 41,
      "code": "393.75A",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Flat tire or fabric exposed",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 13824,
      "oos_count": 12454,
      "oos_rate": 0.9009
    },
    {
      "rank": 42,
      "code": "393.75C-TAOTD-LT1/32",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Tire tread depth insufficient (other axles)",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 18542,
      "oos_count": 11787,
      "oos_rate": 0.6357
    },
    {
      "rank": 43,
      "code": "393.41-BNPB",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Brake - Inoperative or missing parking brake on power unit.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 11684,
      "oos_count": 11488,
      "oos_rate": 0.9832
    },
    {
      "rank": 44,
      "code": "391.11(b)(4)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Medical (Certificate) - Operating a CDL (passenger or property carrying) vehicle that is non-excepted and the driver has self-certified as excepted interstate or excepted intrastate with the state driver's licensing agency.",
      "category": "Driver Fitness",
      "total_cited": 11706,
      "oos_count": 11171,
      "oos_rate": 0.9543
    },
    {
      "rank": 45,
      "code": "393.41",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "No or defective parking brake system on CMV",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 11358,
      "oos_count": 10757,
      "oos_rate": 0.9471
    },
    {
      "rank": 46,
      "code": "392.9AA1",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Operating Authority - Motor carrier operating a motor vehicle without the required operating authority.",
      "category": "Unsafe Driving",
      "total_cited": 10230,
      "oos_count": 9747,
      "oos_rate": 0.9528
    },
    {
      "rank": 47,
      "code": "392.2",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Violation of Local Laws - Explain:",
      "category": "Unsafe Driving",
      "total_cited": 1208365,
      "oos_count": 9692,
      "oos_rate": 0.008
    },
    {
      "rank": 48,
      "code": "393.75(a)(1)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Tire-ply or belt material exposed",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 23264,
      "oos_count": 9492,
      "oos_rate": 0.408
    },
    {
      "rank": 49,
      "code": "393.48(a)",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Inoperative/defective brakes",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 59449,
      "oos_count": 9292,
      "oos_rate": 0.1563
    },
    {
      "rank": 50,
      "code": "396.3A1-F",
      "code_system": "FMCSR",
      "label": "Fuel - Dripping leak.",
      "category": "Vehicle Maintenance",
      "total_cited": 9410,
      "oos_count": 9241,
      "oos_rate": 0.982
    }
  ]
}